In fact, expanding evidence shows that either exposure to PD‐related neurotoxins or alterations of many of the PD genetic factors including α‐syn, LRRK2, DJ‐1, PINK1, and Parkin cause abnormal mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial dysfunction, and inhibition of DLP1‐dependent mitochondrial fission or promotion of mitochondrial fusion alleviated DA neuronal death both in vitro and in vivo (Deng et al., 2008; Kamp et al., 2010; Liu et al., 2019; Nakamura et al., 2011; Rappold et al., 2014; Wang, Petrie, et al., 2012; Wang, Yan, et al., 2012). This evidence concerns the gene PRKN and Parkinson disease.