In addition, partially diverging functional roles have been assigned to different members of the glypican family (discussed in Karamanos et al. 2018): while GPC5 stimulates cell proliferation in rhabdomyosarcoma by enhancing Shh binding, GPC3 competes with the receptor for ligand binding via a mechanism that depends on proteolytic processing. This evidence concerns the gene GPC3 and rhabdomyosarcoma.