PARP1 and neoplasm: Our recent study has shown that although PARP inhibition enhanced the anti-tumour response to radiation in human lung cancer xenograft models, it also increased oesophageal toxicity induced by whole thoracic radiation in C57BL6 mice, leading to body weight loss, suggesting that PARP inhibitors can augment radiation toxicity to normal tissue.12 However, in that study, efficacy and normal tissue effects were assessed in different animal models.