When PCOS and control groups were evaluated on their own, the glypican-4 levels were lower in lean women in both groups (1.8 ng/mL vs. 3.9 ng/mL, p < 0.001 and 1.2 ng/mL vs. 2.9 ng/mL, p < 0.001) (Table 1,Figure 2). Here, GPC4 is linked to polycystic ovary syndrome.