A study has found that, compared with quiescent IBD or the healthy intestine, IBD in active humans was related to the increase of colonic mRNA expression of TNF, IL-1β and IL-6, and of the HLA-DRInt:HLA-DRHi and CD14Hi:CD14Lo cell ratios (Jones et al., 2018). This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and inflammatory bowel disease.