For example, it was shown that the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in the microvasculature of the ischemic area increases at day 1 with a gradual decline 3 days after stroke, and this overlapped with the distribution of the injected NPCs (Justicia et al., 2006; Guzman et al., 2008). This evidence concerns the gene VCAM1 and Stroke.