We, therefore, decided to investigate MUC1 expression in non-cancer and CCA cell lines, including MMNK-1, KKU-055, KKU-100, and KKU-213A, compared to MUC1 expression in breast cancer MCF-7 cells, which were previously reported to have high expression (Fig. 2)26. This evidence concerns the gene MUC1 and cholangiocarcinoma.