Similarly, secreted IL-1β and the constitutively expressed IL-1 receptor associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) induce the activation of the NF-κB pathway both in CAFs and pancreatic cancer cells, alleviating the cytotoxicity of gemcitabine in pancreatic tumors (Zhang D. et al., 2018). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is pancreatic neoplasm.