In solid tumors, the activation of major oncogenic signaling pathways such as Ras and PI3K/AKT, and the silencing of tumor suppressors LKB1, PTEN, and TSC2/1 can activate HIF-1, contributing to resistance (Shaw et al., 2004; Shackelford et al., 2009). The gene discussed is HIF1A; the disease is neoplasm.