Interestingly, HIF-1α has been found to both inhibit proapoptotic proteins, including TRAIL, and activate anti-apoptotic proteins, such as survivin, c-myc, STAT3, and TCF4, to promote the survival of tumor cells under chemo- or radio- therapies (Pei et al., 2010; Rohwer et al., 2010; Nishimoto et al., 2014; Zhao et al., 2016). This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and neoplasm.