In the present study, in order to determine the roles of GLP-1 in HFD-induced obesity and overcome its limitations, we constructed an engineered bacteria of MG1363-pMG36e-GLP-1 (M-GLP-1) that can constitutively secrete GLP-1 (1–37) through oral administration, and we evaluated its efficiency of alleviating obesity and potential mechanisms on obese mice induced by high fat diet (HFD) in vivo. This evidence concerns the gene GLP1R and obesity disorder.