VDR and cancer: By pooling these results, the incidence of HNC was significantly lower in individuals with ff genotype than that of individuals with genotypes of Ff + FF or FF, and the incidence of HNC was significantly lower in individuals with tt genotype than that with genotypes of Tt + TT or TT. As mentioned previously, VDR FokI, and BsmI polymorphisms modulate the risk of breast cancer, skin cancer, and prostate cancer, which possibly affect cancer risk at any site of the body in Caucasians (64).