However, certain serpins, e.g., kallikrein-binding protein, pigment epithelium-derived factor, or maspin, induce apoptosis of endothelial cells and some cancer cells through distinct mechanisms such as the activation of the Fas/FasL/caspase-8 signaling pathway or the permeabilization of the outer mitochondrial membrane followed by a loss of transmembrane potential (107–111). The gene discussed is CASP8; the disease is cancer.