In line with these findings, in the present study, the activation of microglia was observed in the STZ model group as indicated by aggregation and increased expression of Iba-1 and CD68 in the dentate gyrus of hippocampal tissues, The data is consistent with the phenomenon of a marked increase in CD68-labeled activated microglia in AD brain slices of APP/PS1 transgenic mouse (Gallagher et al., 2012). This evidence concerns the gene AIF1 and Alzheimer disease.