TLR4 and inflammatory response: Removing or inhibiting TLR4 has been reported to be closely associated with the amelioration of necroptosis and the relief of inflammation.34,35 This effect has been shown to be protective against LPS-induced intestinal inflammation, which is a model with a mechanism similar to that of NEC.36,37 When TLR4 was removed, necroptosis could not be activated to the same degree due to reduced TRIF-mediated necroptosis.