The TGF-β superfamily participates in cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis by sensing biological clues and mediating their signaling to serve as bioactive sentries.68 TGF-β acts as an important growth factor regulating cell migration, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and other biological functions, and global defects in TGF-β lead to various major diseases, such as organ fibrosis and musculoskeletal disorders, including cartilage destruction. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is musculoskeletal system disorder.