BRAF and melanoma: Point mutations in the v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (BRAF) are present in 35–50% of melanoma cases, while in Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog (NRAS) only in 10–25% cases, and there are loss of function mutations affecting Neurofibromin 1 (NF1) in approximately 15% of melanoma cases.