The reduction in mortality from endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases following PNAISM implementation, as shown in this study as well as in mortality from circulatory system diseases, may be associated with a reduction in shared risk factors, such as diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia [36], and with the health care provided to (Brazilian) diabetic patients, by making available pharmacological treatments (oral hypoglycemic drugs and insulin) through the SUS [36]. This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.