Overall, the results from the other systems bear a striking resemblance to the scheme in Figure 8G, in which we posited that for full IL-4/STAT6 responsiveness plaque macrophages require a second signal, which, in the case of atherosclerosis, is engagement of the Wnt pathway that promotes the production of PGE2 and STAT3 activation. This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and atherosclerosis.