This idea of an intermediate signal used by macrophages to shape the ECM in breast cancer can also be applied to TGFβ, which not only can be produced by tumor-facilitating M2-like TAM and is a key regulator of carcinogenesis in tumors such as breast cancer (80), but is also a key signal involved in fibrosis and ECM production (81). Here, TGFB1 is linked to breast carcinoma.