TLR4 and Arthritis: For example, the fibrinogen-like globe (FBG) domain of tenascin-C was identified more than 10 years ago as a ligand of TLR4, and is able to engage aberrant inflammatory responses in TLR4-expressing myeloid cells via the release of TNFα, IL-6, and IL-8 (58), that are distinct from LPS-dependent responses (59), prolonging inflammation in arthritis models.