MAPK3 and neoplasm: RAS GTPases, including HRAS, KRAS, and NRAS, are central hubs for transmitting signals from extracellular stimuli to the interior of the cell.[28] Once activated, RAS binds to and activates the RAF family kinases, which in turn initiate downstream signal transduction through a cascade of trans‐phosphorylation of MEK1/2 and ERK1/2.[21, 28] A growing body of evidence has demonstrated that the RAS‐associated signaling pathway is closely correlated with carcinogenesis by stimulating tumor cell growth, proliferation, and metastasis.