CCL2 and COVID-19: Moreover, lung macrophages from severe disease were found to produce higher levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β) as well as, monocyte and neutrophil chemoattractants (IL-8, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL7), whereas macrophages from moderate COVID-19 patients produced higher volumes of the T-cell chemokine CXCL16 (29).