The predictive and prognostic biomarkers for immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICIs) have been developed by estimating the PD-L1 expression level as well as the mutational burden in the TME, but these were not sufficient to predict response to the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors, and it has not considered the relative contribution of each immune cells in the anti-tumor response (29–31). Here, CD274 is linked to neoplasm.