Liver tissues of 25 NASH patients, 27 NAFLD patients, 15 healthy obese patients, and 39 controls were collected, in addition to liver tissues from nine NAFLD mouse models [mice on a high-fat diet (with or without fructose), mice on a Western-type diet, mice on a methionine- and choline-deficient diet, mice on a high-fat diet given streptozotocin, and mice with disruption of Pten in hepatocytes]. The gene discussed is PTEN; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.