TRPV1 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Marshall and colleagues revealed that hypertension and vascular hypertrophy were observed in HFD-fed wild-type (diets for 12 weeks from 3 weeks of age; 35% fat from lard) but not HFD-fed TRPV1 knockout mice, indicating that the onset of vascular remodeling may have an association between TRPV1 and obesity-induced high blood pressure.