IL1B and colitis: The involvement of IL-1β in gut inflammation has been evidenced by the fact that deletion of IL-1β from monocytes consequently attenuated dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis (Seo et al., 2015), and direct inhibition of IL-1β signaling reduced intestinal inflammation in DSS-induced colitis with the chronic granulomatous disease (De Luca et al., 2014).