Diabetic NOS3−/− mice had a significant increase in kidney MCU (Figure 9a) along with a significant reduction in its negative regulator, MICU1 expression (Figure 9b,c), compared with non‐diabetic controls after 24 weeks of diabetes, whereas diabetic NOS3−/− mice treated with homoarginine supplementation restored MCU complex and its negative regulator to normal levels. This evidence concerns the gene MICU1 and diabetes mellitus.