To further understand the role of PSMD1 and PSMD3 in CML and TKI response, we assessed the effects of shPSMD1 and shPSMD3 on colony forming ability and apoptosis in K562S and K562R cells compared with a non-targeting control vector (shNT). Here, PSMD1 is linked to chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.