GAPDH and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Our results showed that the expression of 15 mRNA genes was higher in stage II NSCLC than in stage I NSCLC, and the expression of 15 mRNA gene related proteins also showed the same situation, that is, in stage II is higher than in stage I. The fifteen-mRNA signature included twelve risky genes (UBC, TUBA1B, PPIA, PML, PKM, MESDC2, LDHA, HMOX1, FGFR1OP, CFB, ALDOA and ADAM10) and three protective genes (UBE2F, TMSB10 and GAPDH).