Our results showed that the expression of 15 mRNA genes was higher in stage II NSCLC than in stage I NSCLC, and the expression of 15 mRNA gene related proteins also showed the same situation, that is, in stage II is higher than in stage I. The fifteen-mRNA signature included twelve risky genes (UBC, TUBA1B, PPIA, PML, PKM, MESDC2, LDHA, HMOX1, FGFR1OP, CFB, ALDOA and ADAM10) and three protective genes (UBE2F, TMSB10 and GAPDH). Here, HMOX1 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.