Incidence of AF in individuals with high CHARGE-AF and both elevated NT-proBNP and elevated SVEs was 50.5 per 1000 as compared to 12.7 per 1000 for those with high CHARGE-AF score and normal SVEs and NT-proBNP (Fig. 2 and Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 2). This evidence concerns the gene NPPB and atrial fibrillation.