Further analysis indicated that the treatment was effective in eliciting an antitumor response by tumor necrosis, infiltration of macrophages following uptake of NPs, increasing CD3+ T-cells, higher secretion of IFN-γ, upregulated levels of Caspase-3, heat-shock protein 70, HLA-DR, and PD-L1 within the tumor microenvironment (TME). The gene discussed is CASP3; the disease is neoplasm.