In conclusion, serum concentrations of 63 immunological biomarkers in pSS, RA, and SLE patients showed that four biomarkers were relevant to discriminate pSS from RA (BDNF and I-TAC/CXCL11), and pSS from SLE (sCD163, Fractalkine/CX3CL1). The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.