Lastly, a 10 pg/ml greater concentration of MCP-1/CCL2 was associated with a moderate decrease in the likelihood of pSS compared to SLE (OR = 0.839 and 95% CI [0.732–0.962]; p = 0.0121), while a 10 pg/ml greater concentration of TNFa was strongly associated with a decreased likelihood of pSS compared to SLE diagnosis (OR = 0.479 and 95% CI [0.247–0.928]; p = 0.0292). Here, TNF is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.