In conclusion, serum concentrations of 63 immunological biomarkers in pSS, RA, and SLE patients showed that four biomarkers were relevant to discriminate pSS from RA (BDNF and I-TAC/CXCL11), and pSS from SLE (sCD163, Fractalkine/CX3CL1). This evidence concerns the gene CXCL11 and rheumatoid arthritis.