FGF23 is also an early biomarker of renal injury and increased FGF23 predicts adverse clinical outcomes, in particular cardiovascular complications of CKD–MBD (Moe et al., 2009; Erben and Andrukhova, 2017; Kuro-O, 2017). The gene discussed is FGF23; the disease is Marchiafava-Bignami disease.