AGT and heart failure: NEP becomes an important pathway for degradation of beneficial vasodilating and sodium diuresis natriuretic peptides such as atrial or brain natriuretic peptide in patients with congestive heart failure (Koglin et al., 2001), and AngII is a powerful stimulant for cardiac hypertrophy and the release of aldosterone to increase sodium and water retention, which is detrimental for patients with heart failure (Benedict et al., 1994).