ALK and lung carcinoma: With the development of personalized treatment for lung cancer, the identification of therapeutically actionable mutations ((e.g., Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), programmed cell death 1 ligand, (PD-L1), and v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF)) has been a significant premises for an optimal treatment strategy.