In the present review, we summarize the existing research relating to SIRT1 and other signaling pathways that may be related to BPD, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator 1α (PGC-1α), p53, protein kinase B (Akt), forkhead box O (FOXO), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), microRNA, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), activator protein-1 (AP-1), adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). The gene discussed is SIRT1; the disease is bronchopulmonary dysplasia.