TN-C is rarely expressed in normal adult hearts but is upregulated under pathological conditions with tissue injury, tissue repair/regeneration, and inflammation (38, 39), including myocarditis (40, 41), DCM (42), rheumatic heart disease (43), myocardial infarction (44, 45), hypertensive heart disease (46), and Kawasaki disease (47). The gene discussed is TNC; the disease is myocardial infarction.