Similar to a live worm infection, intraperitoneal injection of isolated S. mansoni eggs prior to allergic sensitization also showed a protective effect on OVA/alum-induced AAI with less eosinophilia in the BAL and lungs, less cellular influx into lung tissue, less allergen-specific Th2 cytokines (IL-5 and IL-13) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and mediastinal lymph nodes, and lower levels of OVA-specific IgG1 and IgE antibodies in serum (36). This evidence concerns the gene IGHE and helminthiasis.