In a study exploring the therapeutic potential of helminth soluble proteins in TNBS-induced colitis, treatment with SmSWP suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-17) in the colon and mesenteric lymph nodes, whereas there was a significant increased production of regulatory cytokines (IL-10, TGF-β) in colon tissue (90). Here, TGFB1 is linked to colitis.