HNRNPA1 and diabetes mellitus: Overall, our results corroborated that under the pathological conditions of diabetes, HNRNPA1-mediated exosomal sorting transported cellular miR-483-5p out of TECs into the urine, thus lessening the restraint of cellular miR-483-5p on MAPK1 and TIMP2 mRNAs, and finally boosting ECM deposition and the progression of DN-induced renal interstitial fibrosis.