In our previous studies, we found that the frequency of germinal CNV of E2F1 gene in patients with testicular cancer and melanoma was higher compared to healthy controls and, furthermore, the increased number of copies of E2F1 correlated with an increased gene expression, especially under stress conditions, suggesting germline E2F1 CNVs as risk factor of these two tumours (Rocca et al., 2017; Rocca et al. 2018). Here, E2F1 is linked to neoplasm.