MSX1 and neoplasm: Compared to normal samples, the expression of E2F2, FOXJ1, EMX1, PAX7, NKX6-1, FOXD1, and ZNF552 was significantly higher (P < 0.05) and the expression of MSX1, STAT4, NR3C2, and EGR3 was significantly lower in tumor samples (all P < 0.05) (Figure 3(a)).