CDC42 and dysplasia: EXC-5 is an orthologue of the faciogenital dysplasia-associated (FGD) family of RhoGEFs that can activate Cdc42 in biochemical and cell culture assays (Hayakawa et al., 2008; Huber et al., 2008; Kurogane et al., 2012; Miyamoto et al., 2003; Steenblock et al., 2014; Umikawa et al., 1999; Zheng et al., 1996), and EXC-5 has been proposed as an activator of CDC-42 in the excretory cell.