These important functional activities explain why the defect in MBL has been shown to be associated with different infectious diseases such as malaria, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, leprosy, leishmaniasis, schistosomiasis, trypanosomiasis, tuberculosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, recurrent vulvovaginal infections (RVVI), filariasis, etc. [51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58]. The gene discussed is MBL2; the disease is trypanosomiasis.