HIF1A and neoplasm: Currently, several hypoxia-activated prodrugs that selectively kill tumor cells in hypoxic zones of tumors, and oxygen-carrier compounds that reverse the effects of aberrant tumor vasculature, as well as small-molecule inhibitors of both HIF-1 and HIF-2 are available (Baran and Konopleva, 2017; Albadari et al., 2019; Spiess, 2020; Schonberger et al., 2021).