HMOX1 and neuroblastoma: The function of TUDCA in relieving oxidative stress has been demonstrated through the high expression of NRF2, DJ-1, and the antioxidant enzymes heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y (Moreira et al., 2017), and by the reduction of high ROS levels in various cell types (Rodrigues et al., 1998; Yoon et al., 2014; Yun et al., 2018).