Dex is considered a pure α2 adrenoceptor stimulant by clinicians.6 Spinal tuberculosis is the most common form of musculoskeletal tuberculosis and surgery is the main treatment method for spinal tuberculosis.7-9 Present study observed and analyzed the effects of Dex on concentration changes in tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin (IL-6), and pulmonary inflammation in spinal tuberculosis patients during the perioperative period with the hope of providing value for clinical application. Here, TNF is linked to tuberculosis, spinal.