Indeed, MDS is associated with dysfunction of the Nod-Like Receptor Protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and aberrant Toll-like Receptor (TLR) signaling, both of which lead to the induction of several pro-inflammatory cytokines (i.e., IL-1β) strongly linked to autoinflammatory disease states in general (3). The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is myelodysplastic syndrome.