Regarding the treatment of MDS most patients received erythropoietin and/or G-CSF (n = 35, 26.1%), hypomethylating agents (n = 31, 23.1%), chemotherapy (n = 12, 9.0%) and hydroxyurea (n = 8, 6.0%), while bone marrow transplantation was required in 8.2% of cases (n = 11). This evidence concerns the gene EPO and myelodysplastic syndrome.