C. perfringens infection increased the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and pro-inflammatory cytokines, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-1β, and iNOS (P < 0.05) (Figure 3A), while Lac16 or BSC10 treatment significantly decreased the expression levels of IL-6 (P < 0.05), iNOS (P < 0.05), IFN-γ (P < 0.05), and IL-10 (P < 0.1 and P < 0.05, respectively). Here, IL1B is linked to infection due to clostridium perfringens.