Neuropathologically, AD is characterized by the presence of extracellular plaques mainly composed of misfolded fibrillar amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) derived from the amyloidogenic processing of the APP by β- and γ-secretases, and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles consisting of aggregates of hyperphosphorylated tau protein (Ferreira et al., 2012b; Cline et al., 2018, for review). This evidence concerns the gene APP and Alzheimer disease.