IL1B and neoplasm: Hwang et al.189 showed that colorectal CSCs-derived exosomes were enriched in mouse bone marrow, prolonged bone marrow neutrophil survival, and facilitated the tumor phenotype of neutrophils.189 Through a pattern recognition-NF-κB signaling axis, exosomal triphosphate RNAs promoted the increase of neutrophil IL-1β expression, thereby maintaining its own survival.189 In addition, colorectal CSCs also directly secrete CXCL1 and CXCL2 to recruit neutrophils to tumor tissues.