Inappropriate therapy was mostly due to late initiation (i.e. > 2 days after infection) of antibiotic therapy (similar in both groups: 8/51 vs. 11/51, p = 0.44), or due to administration of beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors against resistant pathogens (1/51 vs. 10/51, p = 0.004). This evidence concerns the gene LACTB and infection.