It involved middle-aged men with metabolic syndrome, and although the primary objective was to examine the effects of resveratrol on bone, the investigators also measured prostate size, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and hormonal markers to explore its potential role for the management of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (31, 32). This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and Familial prostate cancer.